|
State |
State |
Sign Required |
Release Required |
Waiver / Law
Effectiveness |
Date Enacted |
Comments |
|
FED |
Federal
Liability Risk
Retention Act of 1986 |
|
|
|
|
Federal law allowing
group insurance purchasing |
|
AL |
Alabama
1975 §6-5-337 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1993 |
|
|
AK |
Alaska Statutes
§.9.65.145 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
2003 |
Use of waiver with word Negligence helps enforce |
|
AZ |
Arizona 12-553 |
No |
Yes |
Difficult |
1994 |
Use of waiver with word
Negligence helps enforceability |
|
AR |
Arkansas Code 1987
§16-120-201 |
Yes |
No |
Difficult |
1995 |
|
|
CA |
No Current Equine
Statute |
|
|
Difficult |
|
Use of waiver with word Negligence helps |
|
CO |
Colorado Revised
Statutes §13-21-119 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1990 |
|
|
CT |
Connecticut
Acts P.A. No. 93-286 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1993 |
Use of waiver with word
Negligence helps |
|
DE |
Delaware
Code Title 10, Ch 81 §8140 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1995 |
Use of waiver with word Negligence helps enforceability |
|
FL |
Florida law 93-169,
§773.01 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1993 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
GA |
Georgia §62-2701 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1991 |
|
|
HI |
Hawaii ALS
249 |
No |
No |
Effective |
1994 |
|
|
IA |
Iowa 1997 H.F. 132 ( 67 § 1) |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1997 |
Contracts require special disclaimer |
|
ID |
Idaho Code 1990 Ch.
18, §6-1801 |
No |
No |
Effective |
1990 |
|
|
IL |
Illinois 1995 SB
240 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1995 |
|
|
IN |
Indiana 1995 Act No
1551 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1995 |
|
|
KY |
Kentucky 1996 HB
239 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1996 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
KS |
Kansas 1994 ALS
290 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1994 |
|
|
LA |
Louisiana
§9:2795.1 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1992 |
Amendments in 2003 &
2006 |
|
MA |
Mass. Gen Laws
128 §2D |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1992 |
|
|
MD |
No Current Equine
Statute |
|
|
Effective |
|
|
|
ME |
Maine Stat.
Title 7 §4101 |
No |
Yes |
Effective |
1992 |
Use of waiver with word
Negligence helps enforceability |
|
MI |
Michigan
House Bill 5006 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1995 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
MN |
Minn. Ch. 623,
Art. 3§2 |
Yes |
No |
Effective |
1994 |
Benefits Non-Profit entities only |
|
MO |
Missouri §537.325 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1994 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
MS |
Mississippi 1994 Act
443 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1994 |
Amended 2003 - New
Warnings |
|
MT |
Montana Code
§27-1-725 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1994 |
MT code impairs waiver enforcement |
|
NE |
Nebraska 1997 LB
153 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1997 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
NM |
New Mexico 13, 42-13-1 |
Yes |
No |
? |
1993 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
NC |
North Carolina 1997 HB
176 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1998 |
|
|
ND |
North Dakota Code
§53-10-1 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1991 |
Similar to MT with better defense results |
|
NH |
New Hampshire Rev Stat. 508:19 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1999 |
|
|
NJ |
New Jersey Statute 5:15-1 |
Yes |
No |
Difficult |
1998 |
Allows liability for
ordinary negligence |
|
NV |
No Current Equine
Statute |
|
|
Difficult |
|
|
|
NY |
No Current Equine
Statute |
|
|
Difficult |
|
Releases have been enforces |
|
OH |
Ohio 1996 HB 564 |
No |
Yes |
Effective |
1999 |
Written waiver revocable; school, college,
university waivers valid for 12 months |
|
OK
|
Oklahoma
HB 1152 |
No |
Yes |
Effective |
1999 |
|
|
OR |
Oregon §30.684 |
No |
Yes |
Effective |
1991 |
Immunities apply to adult
participants |
|
PA |
Pennsylvania 2005 SB 618 |
Yes |
No |
Effective |
2006 |
|
|
RI |
Rhode Island Laws Ch. 21,
§4-21-1 |
Yes |
Yes |
? |
1993 |
|
|
SC |
South Carolina Laws
§47-9-710 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1993 |
|
|
SD |
South Dakota Laws §42-11-1 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1993 |
|
|
TN |
Tennessee
§44-20-101 |
Yes |
Yes |
Effective |
1992 |
|
|
TX |
Texas1995 HB
280 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
2011 |
New amendments enacted |
|
UT |
Utah Code Anno.
§78-27b-101 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1992 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence - Amended 2003 |
|
VA |
Virginia Code
27.5, §3.1-796.130 |
No |
Yes |
Difficult |
1991 |
Allows liability for ordinary
negligence |
|
VT |
Vermont 12 V.S.A.
§1039 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1998 |
Approved April 30, 1996; effective date
unknown |
|
WA |
Washington RCW
4.24.530 |
No |
No |
Effective |
1989 |
|
|
WI |
Wisconsin S. A.
§895.481 |
Yes |
Yes |
Difficult |
1996 |
1996 amendments added sign posting/contract
requirements |
|
WV |
West Virginia Code Art. 4
§20-4-1 |
No |
No |
Difficult |
1994 |
Participants must sign statement |
|
WY |
Wyoming Stat.
§1-1-122 |
No |
No |
Effective |
1996 |
1996 amendments removed definition of equine activity
"inherent risks" |
|
*
|
Although some EALA state statutes
offer protection without the use of warning signs and/or liability
release it is vital that the equine operator or professional
use a well written release and safety signs. |
